What percentage of the S. aureus isolated from burn victims was resistant to ampicillin?

1)Why are burn victims more susceptible to bacterial infections than the average person?

 

    Burn victims tend to be older and less healthy even prior to their burn injury
    Burn victims tend to be immobilized and the lack of movement can lead to infection
    Treatment for burns includes immuno suppressive drugs
    Barriers are a critical part of innate immunity, and barriers are disrupted in burn victims
2)   How are ESKAPE pathogens different from other pathogens?

    They are more contageous, meaning they spread more quickly through a population
    They release more toxins than most pathogens
    They are particularly good at colonization, a key virulence factor
    They are more resistant to antimicrobial drug treatments

 

 

 

 

3) Which of the following characteristics led to a patient being EXCLUDED from the study?

    25%
    50%
    75%
    95%
 

 

 

   
 

 

   

 

4) Which of the following characteristics led to a patient being EXCLUDED from the study?

 

    The patient was immunodeficient
    The patient was over the age of 65
    The patient had burns over a total body surface area greater than 70%
    The patient arrived at the hospital within 48 hours after the burn

5) Where were the most common sites of infection from which samples were isolated?

 

    Blood
    Catheters
    Wound secretions
    Urine

6) What category of pathogen was most commonly found in burn victim infections?

    Gram negative bacteria
    Gram positive bacteria
    Fungi
    Commensal

7) Were all of the top 5 gram negative and top 3 gram positive infections ESKAPE pathogens?

    Yes
    No
    They could not determine

8) What percentage of the strains of pathogens isolated from burn patient infections were ESKAPE pathogens?

    20.5%
    28.9%
    47.5%
    52.2%

9) What percentage of the S. aureus isolated from burn victims was resistant to ampicillin?

    28.7%
    51.4%
    60%
    100%

10) Based on Table 2, what drug would have been the MOST effective at treatin the MOST strains of P. aeruginosa?

    Cefepime
    Imipenem
    Tetracycline
    Aztreonam

 

11) Looking over Tables 1 and 2, which pathogens have NO natural resistance to any of the tested drugs?

    E. faecium
    A. baumannii
    S. aureus
    Enterobacter species
     

12) What are aacA-aphD, aph3ʹIII, aphA3, ermB and tetM ?

 

    Strains of antibiotic resistant E. faecalis
    Non-ESKAPE pathogens found in burn victim infections
    The antibiotics to which the most ESKAPE pathogens are suseptible
    Genes that allow for a pathogen to be antibiotic resistant

13) What was true of burn victims with ESKAPE pathogen infections compared to non-ESKAPE pathogen infections?

    They tended to be older
    They tended to have a lower Hb (hemoglobn) level
    They tended to be more critically ill
    They tended to have been released from the hospital earlier (perhaps too early)

 

14) What percentage of people tend to die from burn injury?

    0.000011%
    0.0011%
    0.11%
    1.1%

15) Was the the most problematic (prevelant and resistant) gram negative ESKAPE pathogen?

 

    Acinetobacter baumannii
    Klebsiella pneumoniae
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    Staphylococcus aureus

 

16) Share in one sentence what you think that most important new finding in this paper was.  New findings will be specific things that the researchers tested, and will not be cited facts.

 

 

17) Imagine that you were given all of the samples and the associated data that had been collected from the burn victims infection.  In just a few sentences, what would you want to test that they did not examine?