What percentage of the S. aureus isolated from burn victims was resistant to ampicillin?

1)Why are burn victims more susceptible to bacterial infections than the average person?

 

		Burn victims tend to be older and less healthy even prior to their burn injury
		Burn victims tend to be immobilized and the lack of movement can lead to infection
		Treatment for burns includes immuno suppressive drugs
		Barriers are a critical part of innate immunity, and barriers are disrupted in burn victims
2)		How are ESKAPE pathogens different from other pathogens?     They are more contageous, meaning they spread more quickly through a population     They release more toxins than most pathogens     They are particularly good at colonization, a key virulence factor     They are more resistant to antimicrobial drug treatments

 

 

 

3) Which of the following characteristics led to a patient being EXCLUDED from the study?

25%     50%     75%     95%

4) Which of the following characteristics led to a patient being EXCLUDED from the study?

 

		The patient was immunodeficient
		The patient was over the age of 65
		The patient had burns over a total body surface area greater than 70%
		The patient arrived at the hospital within 48 hours after the burn

5) Where were the most common sites of infection from which samples were isolated?

 

		Blood
		Catheters
		Wound secretions
		Urine 6) What category of pathogen was most commonly found in burn victim infections?
		Gram negative bacteria
		Gram positive bacteria
		Fungi
		Commensal

7) Were all of the top 5 gram negative and top 3 gram positive infections ESKAPE pathogens?

		Yes
		No
		They could not determine

8) What percentage of the strains of pathogens isolated from burn patient infections were ESKAPE pathogens?

		20.5%
		28.9%
		47.5%
		52.2%

9) What percentage of the S. aureus isolated from burn victims was resistant to ampicillin?

		28.7%
		51.4%
		60%
		100%

10) Based on Table 2, what drug would have been the MOST effective at treatin the MOST strains of P. aeruginosa?

		Cefepime
		Imipenem
		Tetracycline
		Aztreonam

 

11) Looking over Tables 1 and 2, which pathogens have NO natural resistance to any of the tested drugs?

		E. faecium
		A. baumannii
		S. aureus
		Enterobacter species

12) What are aacA-aphD, aph3ʹIII, aphA3, ermB and tetM ?

 

		Strains of antibiotic resistant E. faecalis
		Non-ESKAPE pathogens found in burn victim infections
		The antibiotics to which the most ESKAPE pathogens are suseptible
		Genes that allow for a pathogen to be antibiotic resistant 13) What was true of burn victims with ESKAPE pathogen infections compared to non-ESKAPE pathogen infections?     They tended to be older     They tended to have a lower Hb (hemoglobn) level     They tended to be more critically ill     They tended to have been released from the hospital earlier (perhaps too early)

14) What percentage of people tend to die from burn injury?

		0.000011%
		0.0011%
		0.11%
		1.1%

15) Was the the most problematic (prevelant and resistant) gram negative ESKAPE pathogen?

 

		Acinetobacter baumannii
		Klebsiella pneumoniae
		Pseudomonas aeruginosa
		Staphylococcus aureus

 

16) Share in one sentence what you think that most important new finding in this paper was.  New findings will be specific things that the researchers tested, and will not be cited facts.

 

 

17) Imagine that you were given all of the samples and the associated data that had been collected from the burn victims infection.  In just a few sentences, what would you want to test that they did not examine?