Online final exam valves), Increased capillary permeability (inflammation),Congestive heart failure, High blood volume or HTN, Decrease in plasma proteins (such as albumin), Blockage of lymphatic drainage (due to cancer or removal of lymph tissue) 6. What is a hypersensitivity? Review the four different types of hypersensitivities: Type I (Anaphylactic), Type II (Cytotoxic), Type III (Immune […]
Category Archives: Nursing
What role does albumin play in the blood-What happens to albumin production with liver failure?
Online final exam 10.Review signs and symptoms of appendicitis. How do we assess for this condition? Appendicitis- inflammation in the vermiform appendix. S/S- RLQ pain and tenderness, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea and systemic signs of inflammation 11. Review signs and symptoms of liver disease. Review complications of liver disease such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy and […]
.What is parathyroid hormone (PTH)? Which electrolyte is primarily affected by PTH disorders-PTH- increase Ca in blood and decrease Ca in bones.
Online final exam 21.Review disorders of the joints including: rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and gout. Know causes and signs/symptoms for each. rheumatoid arthritis- autoimmune- affects small joints due to inflammation in them. Bone cysts and fissures. osteoarthritis-aging process, use and overuse of joints. psoriatic arthritis- linked with psoriasis- genetic cause NSAIDS gout- uric acid […]
What are electrolyte reservoirs-What electrolytes are found stored in bones?
Online final exam 16.Review signs and symptoms of acute kidney injury (AKI). Review causes of AKI including prerenal, intrinsic, and postrenal. Know examples of each type of injury. Prerenal injury is anything that impacts blood flow to the kidney. Examples of causes of damage due to prerenal injury is hypotension, hypovolemia, heart failure, renal artery […]
What labs can be drawn to determine if an individual is suffering from a thyroid disorder?
Online final exam 25.Review differences between Cushing’s syndrome (hypercortisolism) versus Addison’s disease (adrenocortical insufficiency) Cushing’s Syndrome- excessive glucocorticoids. Caused due to pituitary tumor. Swelling due to fluid retention, hyperglycemia. Hypertension, edema, hypernatremia, moon face- fat on posterior neck- buffalo hump. Addison’s disease- adrenocortical insufficiency. Can be caused due to removal of adrenal glands. Fatigue, Bronzing […]
.What happens with oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood and lung with hypoventilation-Hyperventilation?
Online final exam 35.Review the different types of seizures. How are seizures diagnosed? Generalized seizure – whole brain surface is affected during the seizure a. Absence (petite mal): occurs in children, staring spells that last only seconds b. Myoclonic: single/several jerks of limbs, upper body c. Atonic (drop attack): loss of muscle tone, can cause […]
Identify normal versus abnormal ABG values and example of causes for metabolic acidosis/alkalosis, respiratory acidosis/alkalosis.
Online final exam ACID BASE Normal pH 7.35 7.45 CO2 /1–5 35 HCO3 26 1.1.tereelunolUlm. 40.Be able to identify normal versus abnormal ABG values and example of causes for metabolic acidosis/alkalosis, respiratory acidosis/alkalosis. 41.What is the normal pH range of blood? CO2? HCO3? 42.Review conditions that affect the lungs such as: asthma (extrinsic, intrinsic, exercise-induced), […]
What is a tension pneumothorax, how is it treated-Accumulation of air in the pleural spaces.
Online final exam ARDS- damage to the alveolar- capillary membrane. Lungs fill with fluid, pulmonary edema. Shortness of breath, hypoxemia, frothy sputum. High level of CO2. pH is going low- acidosis. Pneumonia- fluid in lungs and fluid is thick and hard to move out of longs. Elderly are at increased risk or pneumonia, sedentary and […]
Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
Topic Assignment: Case Study Analysis Altered Physiology Scenario for the case study; A 49-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis comes into the clinic with a chief complaint of a fever. Patient’s current medications include atorvastatin 40 mg at night, methotrexate 10 mg po every Friday morning and prednisone 5 mg po qam. He states that he […]
.What diagnostic tool is used to identify acute coronary syndrome-12 lead EKG- to see partial or complete blockage. And continue to monitor.
Online final exam Blockage and obstruction in coronary artery that can cut off the blood supply to the heart muscles. This can occur due to atherosclerosis 54.What is atherosclerosis? How does plaque formation begin? atherosclerosis- buildup of fat or plaque within the blood vessel. Plaque formation begins due to damage to the endothelium. Due to […]
